Will dental implants fail when you don’t stop in smoking cigarettes? To find the correct answer for that question, a study was conducted in the US. This research established the clear connection between poor stages of periodontal health & support and smoking. Tobacco smoking has been found responsible for reducing leukocyte activity and it is also responsible for poor chemotactic passage rate, poor mobility & phagocytic activity. Such impairments can trigger infection resistance as well as interrupted healing of the wound. Smoking is likewise related to poor calcium absorption.
The reports revealed lower endurance of the dental implants in the case of smokers. One probable mechanism by which cigarette smoking can affect osseointegration is reducing blood flow because of further peripheral resistance as well as platelet aggregation. Smoking by products like CO and cyanide prolong wound healing and together with nicotine constrains cell proliferation. Tobacco can also directly affect the osteoblast function.
Patients who underwent dental implants are typically advised to stop smoking for a minimum of 2 weeks before undergoing the implant surgery to permit recovery of regular blood viscosity & platelet adhesion. Abstention from smoking must be extended for at least eight weeks following the implantation to facilitate the healing stage of obsteoblasts.
In a study conducted in the US, all of the dental patients underwent the periodic checkups and implant characteristics were identified and recorded during the process. In the checkups, the implant condition was defined as failure or survival. Survival has been defined if the implant is functioning satisfactorily without any evidence of suppuration, pain and inflammation. Otherwise, it would be defined as a failure.
The data about smoking gathered from the patients involved is based on the information that has been collected in the periodic medical inspection center that conducted examinations for the military personnel. A periodic medical test is obligatory for the whole population of soldiers, ages at 30 years old and those ages 30 to 34 years old are required to carry out the examination once. Those who are ages 35 years old will have to undergo the examination every 3 years and it would be every 2 years for those soldiers ages 50 years old. Smoking has been reported using self-questionnaire about health related habits that were provided as part of the examination.
Those patients who have visited the center no longer than one year before and after the implant placement were all involved in this research.
These implant characteristics were identified and recorded for those patients who were treated by means of dental implants:
- Implanted jaw
- Implanted region
- Bone augmentation in connection with implant placement
- Immediate implantation
- Sinus lift associated with implant placement
- Immediate loading
- Membrane use
- Implant failure
Depending on self-administered questionnaire, these smoking characteristics are recorded for those patients treated through dental implant:
- Smoking status
- Number of cigarettes each day
- Smoking years
- Pack years
- Past smokers – number of cigarette sticks used each day
- Pas smokers – total years with no cigarettes until the implantation
- Exposure to unreceptive smoking
All of these facts show that dental implants can be negatively affected by smoking. Cigarette smoking can be harmful to dental implantation no matter if you smoke frequently or occasionally.
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